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    <title>Qualla: Proconnesus</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[The ancient Greek city of Proconnesus on Marmara Island produced the famous Proconnesian marble that built the columns of Hagia Sophia, the floors of the Roman Forum, and countless monuments across the ancient world — and sent to exile those whom the empire wished to forget.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[The ancient Greek city of Proconnesus on Marmara Island produced the famous Proconnesian marble that built the columns of Hagia Sophia, the floors of the Roman Forum, and countless monuments across the ancient world — and sent to exile those whom the empire wished to forget.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Proconnesus</title>
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      <title>Proconnesus: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/proconnesus/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. The columns of Hagia Sophia were cut here. So were the floor panels, the altar screen, and much of the carved stonework that Justinian's architects assembled in Constantinople in the sixth century AD. The marble came from Proconnesus — the ancient city on the southwestern shore of the island now called Marmara — and the white stone with its distinctive grey-blue veining became so synonymous with imperial ambition that building in Proconnesian marble was, for a time, a signal about what kind of power you intended to be.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. The columns of Hagia Sophia were cut here. So were the floor panels, the altar screen, and much of the carved stonework that Justinian's architects assembled in Constantinople in the sixth century AD. The marble came from Proconnesus — the ancient city on the southwestern shore of the island now called Marmara — and the white stone with its distinctive grey-blue veining became so synonymous with imperial ambition that building in Proconnesian marble was, for a time, a signal about what kind of power you intended to be.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Proconnesus: A Colony at the Edge of the Propontis</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/proconnesus/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesus was founded as a Milesian colony — one of the dozens of settlements that the seafaring city of Miletus planted around the Black Sea and its approaches during the Greek colonization period of the seventh and eighth centuries BC. The ancient sea called the Propontis (to...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesus was founded as a Milesian colony — one of the dozens of settlements that the seafaring city of Miletus planted around the Black Sea and its approaches during the Greek colonization period of the seventh and eighth centuries BC. The ancient sea called the Propontis (to...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Proconnesus: Fire and Resettlement</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/proconnesus/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. In the early fifth century BC, Proconnesus was burned. A Phoenician fleet, acting under orders from the Persian king Darius I, attacked the island because its inhabitants had resisted Persian expansion — the same reason that the Phoenicians also attacked Paşalimanı Island (then c...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. In the early fifth century BC, Proconnesus was burned. A Phoenician fleet, acting under orders from the Persian king Darius I, attacked the island because its inhabitants had resisted Persian expansion — the same reason that the Phoenicians also attacked Paşalimanı Island (then c...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Proconnesus: Aristeas and the Edges of the Known World</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. The most famous native of Proconnesus was not a quarryman or a general but a poet. Aristeas of Proconnesus wrote the *Arimaspeia*, an epic poem about a journey to the far north of the known world — to the land of the one-eyed Arimaspi and the gold-guarding griffins, beyond the Hy...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. The most famous native of Proconnesus was not a quarryman or a general but a poet. Aristeas of Proconnesus wrote the *Arimaspeia*, an epic poem about a journey to the far north of the known world — to the land of the one-eyed Arimaspi and the gold-guarding griffins, beyond the Hy...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Proconnesus: The Marble That Built an Empire</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/proconnesus/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesian marble is a specific geological product: white limestone transformed under pressure and heat into crystalline marble, characteristically veined with grey-blue streaks. The quarries on the island produced it in enormous quantities from antiquity through the Byzantine ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesian marble is a specific geological product: white limestone transformed under pressure and heat into crystalline marble, characteristically veined with grey-blue streaks. The quarries on the island produced it in enormous quantities from antiquity through the Byzantine ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Proconnesus: Exile and the End of Things</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/proconnesus/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesus appears in one other historical context that speaks to its later Roman identity: under Emperor Diocletian's edict against Manichaeism, *De Maleficiis et Manichaeis*, offenders were condemned to labor in the mines and quarries at Proconnesus. The island that had suppli...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Heinrich Kiepert, Public domain. Proconnesus appears in one other historical context that speaks to its later Roman identity: under Emperor Diocletian's edict against Manichaeism, *De Maleficiis et Manichaeis*, offenders were condemned to labor in the mines and quarries at Proconnesus. The island that had suppli...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/proconnesus/">Proconnesus on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Heinrich Kiepert | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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